Lexus LFA
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 | |
| Manufacturer | Lexus |
|---|---|
| Also called | Lexus LF-A (concept) |
| Production | Dec 2010 (planned, 500 total, 20 monthly) |
| Assembly | Motomachi, Toyota City, Japan |
| Class | Sports car Grand tourer Racing car |
| Body style | 2-door coupé 2-door roadster |
| Layout | Front-mid-engine, rear-mid-transaxle, rear-wheel drive |
| Engine | 4.8 L 1LR-GUE V10 |
| Transmission | 6-speed Automated Sequential Gearbox |
| Wheelbase | 2,605 mm (102.6 in) |
| Length | 4,505 mm (177.4 in) |
| Width | 1,895 mm (74.6 in) |
| Height | 1,220 mm (48 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,480–1,580 kg (3,263–3,483 lb) |
| Designer | Haruhiko Tanahashi |
The Lexus LFA is a 2-seat exotic sports coupe produced by Lexus as a concept car, "halo" vehicle, racing prototype, and production model.[1] It is the second model in the F marque line of performance vehicles from Lexus, following the IS F. Three concept versions have been shown, each debuting at the North American International Auto Show with the LF-A designation as part of the LF Series concept line. The first LF-A concept premiered in 2005, followed in 2007 by a second LF-A with a more completely furnished interior and exterior. The third version of the LF-A, a roadstermodel, premiered in 2008. The production model, trademarked LFA,[2] was shown at the Tokyo Motor Show in October 2009.[3]
The production Lexus LFA features a new V10 engine and a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) body. CFRP materials account for 65 percent of the LFA's body composition by mass.[4] The LFA went into production in late 2010, with a projected run of 500 vehicles at the base price ofUS$375,000.[5][6] A circuit-tuned variant is scheduled for 2012.[7]
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[edit]Development
[edit]2000–2004
In February 2000 the LF-A began development as a supercar project codenamed P280, which was intended to showcase the performance capabilities of Toyota Motor Corporation and its Lexus marque.[8][9] The first prototype was completed during June 2003. Prototypes of the LF-A were spotted regularly undergoing testing at Nürburgring, the famous motorsport race track in Nürburg, Germany,[10] since October 2004.[11] Numerous test vehicles had been equipped with automatic retractable rear wings, and carbon ceramic brake discs.[12]
[edit]2005–2006
In January 2005, the first LF-A concept premiered at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan as a design study with no plans for production. The first LF-A concept had an overall length of 173.2 inches (4,400 mm), five inches shorter than the Porsche 911 Turbo (996) while its wheelbase measured 2,580 millimetres (101.6 in), or about nine inches longer.[13] The concept was nearly 1,200 millimetres (48 in) in height about equal to the Ferrari F430 with a width of 73.2 in (1,859 mm).[13] The concept name referred to Lexus Future-Advance.[14] The first LF-A concept featured a glass roof and side cameras mounted in the side mirrors. Twin rear radiators were installed behind the rear wheels, and visible behind large screens. The rear bumper featured a triple exhaust placed in an inverted triangle formation. The wheels were shaped like turbines, and air-scoops were placed on the C-pilllars.[13] Following enthusiastic public reaction for the LF-A concept on the autoshow circuit, development continued with a greater emphasis on a possible production model.[15]Concurrently, Lexus was preparing for the launch of its long-rumored F marque series of performance vehicles, with a production LF-A being a possible future member of this lineup. Reports in 2006 suggested that the LF-A concept car had received the green-light for production,[16] however these reports were not officially confirmed.[17]
[edit]2007–2008
Following the original LF-A concept, development time was lengthened by the switch from an aluminum frame to a carbon fibre tub, the result of engineering efforts aimed at improving the LF-A's power-to-weight ratio.[8] The LF-A was reported to draw engineering resources from Toyota's Formula One team.[9] In January 2007, a restyled LF-A concept car premiered alongside the first production F marque vehicle, the IS F sports sedan. The second LF-A concept featured a more aerodynamic exterior, a near-production interior, and F marque emblems. Later that year, Lexus GB director Steve Settle indicated plans for aV10 and hybrid version of the LF-A.[18] The hybrid version, combining a petrol engine with electric motors, would likely feature a V8 powertrain similar to that designed for the Lexus LS 600h L. LF-A test mules continued to be spotted at the Nürburgring, including early models with a large, fixed rear wing.[15] In December 2007, Auto Express reported that the LF-A had set an unofficial 7:24 lap record at the Nürburgring.[19][20]
In January 2008, Lexus displayed a roadster version of the LF-A concept car designated LF-A Roadster or LF-AR at the North American International Auto Show. Initial specifications for the roadster were a V10 engine under 5.0 L with over 373 kW (500 hp) and a top speed of over 320 km/h (200 mph).[21]Automotive photographers capturing the LF-A in various test guises had photographed a disguised drop-top test model, dubbed LF-A Spyder, on the Nürburgring as early as October 2005.[22] After its debut at the 2008 North American International Auto Show, the LF-A Roadster was also shown at the 2008Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance, the 2008 Geneva Motor Show, the United States Open Championship tournament, and at Lexus exhibits in Japan. A single LF-A racing prototype was also entered into Veranstaltergemeinschaft Langstreckenpokal Nürburgring endurance races at the Nürburgring in May 2008, competing in the SP8 class of VLN events.[23] Media reports uncovered an LFA trademark filing with the United States Patent and Trademark Office in December 2008, with the concept LF-A name dropping its hyphen to become LFA for a possible production model.[2]
The second LF-A concepts had an overall length of 4,460 millimetres (175.6 in), and a wheelbase of 2,600 millimetres (102.3 in); height remained the same as the prior concept, while width grew to 74.6 inches (1,890 mm).[24] While the original LF-A had been strictly a concept model, the second concept's design reflecting engineering analysis for possible production.[25] The exterior design had been restyled to take advantage of the flexibility offered by carbon fiber construction,[26] with improved aerodynamics and surface features aimed at improving the coupe's overall top speed.[25] The reshaped exterior featured smoother lines with additional detailing, and more curved surfaces. The aft radiator cooling vents were retained, but integrated into the rear fascia, and the lower side and front air intakes were restyled, along with the forward fascia and headlamps.[15] Designers reportedly drew inspiration from the 1965 Toyota 2000GT sports coupe, which was also produced in a front-engine, rear-wheel drive layout, and represented the combination of Japanese technology and design ethics in an supercar.[26] However, no design features on the LF-A were directly derived from the 2000GT.[26] The second LF-A concept and accompanying LF-A Roadster were also equipped with a retractable rear wing for improved handling at speed and a two-seat interior with a two-tone color scheme.
[edit]2009
On August 5, 2009, Toyota's new CEO, Akio Toyoda, publicly confirmed production of the LF-A in his speech at a conference held at the Center for Automotive Research in the United States.[27] The production vehicles were expected to carry V10 engines,[28][29] putting the car in market competition with the Lamborghini Gallardo, Ferrari F430, the Porsche 911 (997), and the Chevrolet Corvette C6 ZR1. Pricing was estimated at over US$225,000,[30] and close to US$400,000.[31] In the same month, reports surfaced that coupe would be released as the LF-L to signify its appearances at Le Mans and to draw on its pre-production racing development.[32] Two LF-A prototypes had also competed at Nürburgring VLN endurance races in mid 2009. Other possible names floated in the automotive press included the Lexus GT-F,[33] and Lexus SS550.[34] In September 2009, reports in Japanese automotive magazines indicated that the 4.8 L V10 engine for the LF-A would carry a 1LR designation.[35] A report in Evo in 2009 also indicated that the LF-A V10 engine was being considered for use in the upcoming Lotus Esprit.[36] A subsequent television ad for the Japanese market showed the pre-production LFA testing at the F marque's namesake Fuji Speedway.[37]
On October 21, 2009, the production Lexus LFA was unveiled on the first press day of the 41st biennial Tokyo Motor Show.[6] The vehicle was introduced by Akio Toyoda at a press conference, in which it was disclosed that the vehicle would be limited to 500 production copies. The vehicle carried the same designation as the concepts, LFA, but without the hyphen. The production designation reportedly stood for Lexus F-Series Apex.[38] The LFA was shown as the final vehicle of the press conference, following the LF-Ch hybrid concept. Pricing details at the show was estimated at US$375,000.[6]
The production announcement for the LFA supercar marked the 20th anniversary of the launch of Lexus.[39] Given the high cost of construction and limited production, analysts do not expect LFA sales to be profitable.[6] However, the coupe is intended to serve as a testbed for new car technologies, including carbon fiber mass-production, and related performance vehicle development.[40] At its debut, a circuit-ready model was also indicated for 2012 release.[41]
[edit]Production
Lexus began taking orders for the LFA supercar on October 23, 2009. Buyers will be selectively chosen by Lexus in the second quarter of 2010.[42]Production will begin in December 2010 as a 2011 model. Only 500 total LFA models will be made worldwide, with only 20 produced each month. Each car will be custom ordered to the customer's specifications, and will cost an estimated US$375,000, depending on options and customization.[43] Following the LFA's release at the Tokyo Motor Show, Lexus unveiled a website with a 'LFA configurator' which allowed users to select exterior and interior colors, brake caliper colors, seats, steering wheel leather, and other interior designs.[44][45] In total, there are over 30 billion possible configurations.[45] Each LFA will be hand-built by a dedicated production team of engineers and specialists at Toyota's Motomatchi plant in Aichi, Japan.[46]
In the North American market 150 LFAs will be initially sold through a two year lease program much like the Ferrari F50. This is to prevent owners from reselling the vehicle for a profit.[43] Racing driver Scott Pruett was hired to give test drives to interested buyers, demonstrating the vehicle's capabilities at Auto Club Speedway. The Lexus division of Toyota Motor USA will stop taking orders at the end of 2009, in which they will talk about a purchase plan for the lessees. Lexus later changed their stance and allowed outright purchase, but only on the condition that they sign an agreement giving the dealer first right of refusal to buy back the LFA if the owner wants to sell it within the first two years. The dealer will have the option to buy back the used LFA for either fair market value or the original sticker price, whichever is lower.[47] In the European market buyers order their LFA through a single Lexus dealer located in Park Lane, London where it is purchased outright.[48]
During LFA production, each vehicle will receive a plaque which is individually numbered, indicating the unit's place in the production run. Each LFA V10 engine will also bear the signature of the specialist who assembled it.[46] With 20 units produced monthly, production of the entire LFA run will last for 25 months, from December 2010 to December 2012.
[edit]Overview
[edit]Engine
The Lexus LFA is powered by a 72-degree bank angle 4.8-liter V10 engine equipped with dual VVT-i carrying the 1LR-GUE designation with a maximum output of 412 kW (560 PS) delivered at 8,700 rpm. Its maximum torque output of 480 N·m (354 lb·ft) arrives at 6,800 rpm, 90 percent of which is available from 3,700 rpm. The engine redlines at 9,000 rpm, but with a fuel cutoff set at 9,500 rpm,[49] and is constructed using forged aluminum pistons, forged titanium connecting rods, and solid titanium valves. The V angle of the LFA's V-10 engine is set to 72-degrees (as opposed to the 90-degree V angle present in a Dodge Viper's V-10) to fully balance the firing force from the pistons. This 72-degree angle allows for even firing from the pistons without the use of a split-journal crankshaft, thus improving engine efficiency as well as lowering overall weight. Dry sump lubrication prevents engine oil starvation through high speed corners and lowers the engine's center of mass. Air is fed directly from beneath the hood through a visible slit passing into a dual stage variable intake manifold and then into ten individual throttle bodies before finally exiting from a dual stage titanium muffler.
The LFA's engineers selected a V10 engine over an equivalent displacement V8 engine for its ability to rev higher,[42] and over a V12 for its lower reciprocating mass,[10][42] allowing for more rapid engine response. Lexus claims their engine can rev from idle to its redline in 0.6 seconds and an analog tachometer needle could not accurately track the LFA's changes in engine speeds. This necessitated the use of a digital tachometer which can instantly display engine speed.[50] The engine reportedly weighs less than the manufacturer's own 3.5-liter 2GR-FEV6 engine. Engineers attempted to make the engine sound like that of a Formula One car with high revs, while at the same time maintaining reliability and vibration control. Along with other manufacturers such as Ferrari, Toyota had produced their own F1 engines and chassis designs.[9] The exhaust note has been described by Toyota engineers as the "roar of an angel",[51] and a US television spot later used the engine sound to shatter a champagne glass viaresonance frequency.[52]
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The powerplant gives the LFA a power-to-weight ratio of 5.9 lb/hp and enables it to reach a top speed of around 325 km/h (202 mph).[53] Like the IS F Yamaha co-developed the engine cylinder heads. The engine exceeds Euro V emissions. The engine is installed with a front mid-engine placement.[54] According to Chief Engineer Haruhiko Tanahashi a front engine layout was selected instead of a mid engine layout as it is inherently more forgiving dynamically, affording less experienced drivers a wider safety net.[55]
[edit]Transmission
The gearbox itself is a six-speed Automated Sequential Gearbox (electrohydraulic transmission) operated with paddle-shifters developed and constructed in-house by Toyota. The driver can select from four settings: auto, normal, sport, and wet. The manufacturer quotes minimum up-shift times of 200 ms in the sport mode. According to Tanahashi a dual-clutch transmission was tested but the design team felt gear changes were overly smooth, resembling that of a traditional automatic and they preferred more abrupt and mechanically engaging shifts. This shifting experience was also favored despite Lexus vehicles' typical emphasis on smooth operation.[56] The auto mode and low speed performance suffer as a result.[57] A Torsen limited slip differential is also applied on the LFA,[3] and a launch control system is available.[45] An offset gear mounted to the crank (a world first[40]) sends power via a torque tube to the transmission. The carbon-fiber torque tube system was developed because of the rear placement of the transmission and low engine layout.[40] The transmission gear ratios are as follows:[58]
| Gear | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Reverse | Final Drive |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ratio | 3.231 | 2.188 | 1.609 | 1.233 | 0.970 | 0.795 | 3.587 | 3.417 |
[edit]Chassis
The Lexus LFA's frame is made from an in-house designed and manufactured carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) center monocoque with aluminum front and rear subframes. The subframes, which can be removed and replaced minimizing potential repair costs, are joined to the monocoque using a newly developed aluminum flanged collar designed to create a stronger joint.[3] According to the manufacturer, the quality of the CRFP material matches that of aeronautical grades and is woven by a laser monitored circular loom, one of only two in the world.[40] Overall 65% of the vehicle's total body mass is CFRP material while the remaining 35% is aluminum.[4] Manufacturer data indicates that the use of CFRP saves 100 kg (220 lbs) over equivalent aluminum materials.
An electric power steering rack with a 14.3:1 gear ratio is used. The front suspension utilizes a double-wishbone arrangement and there is a multi-link arrangement at the rear with coil-over dampers at all wheels. The dampers are a monotube design, each with a remote fluid reservoir that includes an expanding and contracting bellows: a purely mechanical system. The LFA further features six-piston front and four-piston rear Brembo monobloc brake calipers with 390 mm (15.4 in) front and 360 mm (14.2 in) rear carbon ceramic discs controlled by Toyota's Electronically Controlled Brake brake-by-wire system. Forged 20-inch BBS wheels fitted with 265 mm (10.4 in) front and 305 mm (12.0 in) rear Bridgestone next-generation Pontenza tires are standard.[54]The LFA is equipped with a 3-mode Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) stability control system with Sport setting.[45]
To maintain a near ideal weight distribution, a rear transaxle is used, in addition to the mounting of the fuel tank ahead of the rear axle and the radiators at the rear. The windshield washer fluid reservoir is mounted in the center next to the fuel tank to improve further the center of weight. Overall 48% of the LFA's mass is distributed along the front wheels with 52% at the rear.[59] The 73 L (16 imp gal; 19 US gal) fuel tank straddles the exhaust system keeping weight centered along the left-right axis. The engine is connected to the transaxle via a rigid carbon-fiber torque tube which the exhaust system runs directly below.[3] This stacked driveshaft and exhaust arrangement decreases the width of the center tunnel allowing for centrally located seating.
[edit]Exterior
The production Lexus LFA has an overall length of 4,510 millimetres (177.4 in), while its wheelbase measures 2,610 millimetres (102.6 in), with a height of 48 inches (1,200 mm) and width of 74.6 in (1,895 mm).[58] Compared to the prior 2007–2008 concepts, the production model is nearly 51 millimetres (2 in) longer, with identical width, height, and nearly same wheelbase dimensions.[24][58] The exterior design of the LF-A concepts and the final production model was the work of car stylists led by Lexus Design general manager Kengo Matsumoto.[9][26] The overall design ethos was based on the principle of form follows function, with aesthetics secondary to aerodynamics and operation.[60]
The LFA body features sharp edges and cutoffs for improved aerodynamic performance, made possible by the carbon fiber body.[42] The body was designed with an emphasis on downforce. There are air scoops located over the rear fenders which feed the aft-mounted radiators and help cool the brakes.[40] A horizontal hood gap also feeds air to the engine.[40] Two small aft vents expel air that is collected by an underbody air scoop and used to cool the titanium exhaust pipes.[40] Dual hood ducts serve to move hot air away from the exhaust manifold.[40]
The LFA's speed-sensitive rear wing incorporates a Gurney flap and deploys at speeds over 50 mph.[42] With the wing retracted the LFA's body has a drag coefficient of Cd 0.31.[42] The LFA body is offered with a choice of 28 standard exterior colors,[40] along with 3 wheel colors and a matte black option. Additional "special colors" are available to order.[44] The front and rear fenders, doors, roof rails, and rocker panels are made out of blast fiber reinforced sheet panels, while the tail lamps are light-emitting diode (LED) lights.[40]
[edit]Interior
The LFA interior incorporates carbon fiber, leather, alcantara, and metallic surfaces. There are two bucket seats, and Lexus' Remote Touch controller interface. The interior design uses bespoke materials and colors.[45] The instrument display is a digital thin-film transistor (TFT) speedometer with color-changing background, size-changing numbers, and side-appearing submenus.[42]
In operation the TFT display shows small digits in automatic mode; larger and bolder numbers in normal mode; inverted colors, moved redline, and stark numbers in sport mode, along with a programmable redline warning color change.[45] The tachometer display also features an electric movable metal ring with layer acrylic plastic to create a 3D effect. The LFA further features a new driver and passenger seat-belt airbag design[42] increases similar to the S-Class ESF safety concept car.
The steering wheel features a right-mounted start button and alloy paddle-shifters.[42] To activate the vehicle the driver must insert the key beside the steering wheel then press the start button.[61] Two octaves of engine sound are channeled into the cabin via twin ducts which connect the firewall with the intake manifold, with the sound tuned in the manner of an Ovation guitar.[45] A 12-speaker Mark Levinson sound system with compact lightweight components was also developed for the interior.[62] Custom-madeTumi suitcases are designed for the LFA interior, with a two-piece set made from carbon-fiber style materials and inscribed with the VIN number; a smaller "concourse" case is for track days and short trips, while a larger "coastal" case is for longer trips.[63]
[edit]Nürburgring Package
On March 15, 2010, Lexus detailed the circuit-tuned variant of the LFA, plans for which were first disclosed at the LFA official press launch the previous October.[7] The variant is officially known as the LFA Nürburgring Package in reference to the similar setup employed on the LFA race vehicles at the 24 Hours Nürburgring.[64][65]
The package features an extra 7 kW (10 bhp) from its V10 engine, bringing the total to 419 kW (562 bhp). It also features a re-calibrated transmission with gear shifts made faster by 0.05 seconds, a front splitter, stiffer and more adjustable suspension, lightweight alloy wheels coated in track rubber, aerodynamic canards at the sides of the front bumper, and a large fixed rear wing.[64][66]
The LFA with the Nürburgring Package is a competition-focused variant, and will be available in four exterior colors, namely glossy black, matte black, orange, and whitest white.[66] The production totals are to be included in the 500-unit total LFA planned build cycle,[7] and will be limited to a 50-unit run.[65] At a base price of US$445,000, buyers will receive training sessions at the Nordschleife, accompanied by Nürburgring chief instructors, a one-night stay at the Lindner Congress and Motorsport Hotel Nürburgring, admission to the ring°werk leisure park, a Nürburgring branded jacket, and a one-year pass to the circuit.[65][67]
The Nürburgring Package LFA was tested at the Nürburgring in June 2011. Driven by Akira Iida, the LFA set a time of 7:22.85 (video confirmed),[68] the 10th-fastest time ever for a production vehicle. Lexus USA confirmed that this lap video was recorded as a "warm up" video for the "ADAC 24-hours" for exhibition purposes. The LFA hit 292 km/h (181 mph)[68] on the last straight uphill climb, which is one of the highest speeds achieved by a stock exotic supercar on that segment of the track. An official lap time will be attempted in the next few months. Standard OEM Bridgestone Potenza RE70 performance street tires were used.
On September 2, 2011 reports came from Lexus via Twitter as well as Chris Harris of Evo Magazine that the Lexus LFA Nürburgring Package completed a lap of the Nurburgring in 7:14 with a top speed of 298 km/h on the "Dottinger" uphill climb, the fourth fastest time ever for a production car, and four seconds quicker than the Porsche 911 GT2 RS at 7:18.[69] A few days later, the time was confirmed by Lexus as 7:14.64, a video was provided. OEM Bridgestone Potenza RE070 tires had been used. [70] [71] [72]
[edit]Specifications
[edit]Manufacturer
Official specifications and performance figures for the Lexus LFA are as follows:[58]
| Engine type | 1LR-GUE 72° V10 | Valvetrain | DOHC 4-valves/cylinder, dual VVT-i |
|---|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 4,805 cc (293.2 cu in) | Bore x Stroke | 88 × 79 mm (3.5 × 3.1 in) |
| Compression Ratio | 12.0:1 | Redline | 9000 rpm (rev limiter 9500 rpm) |
| Transmission | 6-speed ASG | Minimum shift times | 200 ms or 150 ms |
| Power | 560 PS (412 kW; 552 hp) @ 8700 rpm | Torque | 480 N·m (354 ft·lbf) @ 6800 rpm |
| Curb weight | 1,480 kg (3,263 lb) | Power-to-weight | 5.9 lb/hp |
| Weight distribution | 49.8:50.2 (front:rear) | Top speed | 326 km/h (203 mph) |
| 0-97 km/h (60 mph) | 3.6 sec.[39] (official, w/o launch control)[45] | 0-100 km/h (62 mph) | 3.7 sec. |
[edit]Performance
Tested performance specifications for the Lexus LFA from Car and Driver†, Motor Trend‡, Road & Track†† and Insideline††† are as follows:
| 0-97 km/h (60 mph) | 3.6 secs (w/ launch control.)[73]† | 0-190 km/h (120 mph) | 10.8 sec.[73]† |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-160 km/h (100 mph) | 7.6 sec.[73]† | 0-210 km/h (130 mph) | 12.7 sec.[73]† |
| 0-201 km/h (125 mph) | 11.4 sec.[74] | 0-261 km/h (162 mph) | 21.2 sec.[75] |
| 0-180 km/h (110 mph) | 9.2 sec.[73]† | 0-240 km/h (150 mph) | 18.3 sec.[73]† |
| 400 m (1⁄4 mi) | 11.6 sec.[76] †††(@ 125 mph (201 km/h))† | Slalom | 121.0 km/h (75.2 mph)[76]††† |
| Lateral acceleration | 1.00 G[61] (200 feet (61 m) skidpad)†; 1.05 G[77]‡ | Braking (110 km/h (70 mph)-0) | 48 m (156 ft)[61]† |
Insideline managed to acquire a LFA from Lexus] for one week and tested the LFA against the Porsche GT2 RS on the track including an impromptu grudge match on the drag strip. Both cars won 2 races each making it a draw. Insideline recorded a 0 - 60 mph in 3.9 seconds without launch control system and achieved the 1/4 mile 11.6 seconds at 200 km/h (124 mph). Lexus LFA circled the skidpad in 1.02 g and achieved one of the highest slalom speeds ever recorded at 121.0 kilometres per hour (75.2 mph). Insideline also managed to do 3 dyno runs on a dynojet dyno on the Lexus LFA, which resulted in LFA putting down 383 kW (514 bhp) to the wheels, which after factoring in RWD drivetrain loss turned out to be substantially higher than the 412 kW (552 bhp) at the crank factory specification.[76]
Car and Driver track-tested the LFA in November 2010 while conducting a comparo versus Ferrari 599 HGTE. The test was conducted in Wales and recorded 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) time of 3.6 seconds using the launch control system and a quarter mile of 11.7 seconds at 201 km/h (125 mph). Car and Driver noted that these acceleration numbers were quicker than those of Ferrari 599 HGTE.[73]Motor Trend recorded a stopping distance from 60-0 mph in less than 94 ft (28.7 m), and pulled 1.05 g on their skidpad.[78] Road and Track tested the LFA at 119 km/h (74.2 mph) through the slalom and 1.04 g on the skidpad.[79]
[edit]Lap times
Chief Engineer Haruhiko Tanahashi mentioned during the world's press at the Nürburgring in Germany that the LFA has lapped the Nürburgring Nordschleife in "better than 7 minutes 20 seconds", although no further specifics were given to the record lap.[80] The LFA appeared on Top Gear in January 2010, where its power lap of 1.22.8[81] was the quickest wet test lap ever recorded on the Top Gear test track; it was 3 seconds faster than the nearest wet lap which was thefour-wheel-drive Lamborghini Gallardo.[81] AutoWeek on the Goodwood race track in an LFA, independently clocked a fastest lap time of 1:24.8 making it the fastest ever recorded lap on the race track so far and quicker than the third fastest recorded lap by 3 seconds in Nissan GTR of 1:27.7. The 2nd fastest recorded lap is also in a Lexus LFA of 1:27.65.[82] PistonHeads on the Goodwood race track in an LFA clocked a fastest lap time of 1:27.65.[82]
Motorsports France conducted a track test on the Lexus LFA and ran a hotlap around the Circuit De Nevers resulting in a laptime of 1:20.6, which was the fastest ever recorded laptime on the race track despite the test having being conducted in 0 degree freezing temperatures. It was one of the very rare track tests where actual LFA launch control system was used resulting in a very fast 0 - 260 km/h (162 mph) in only 21.2 seconds. The KTM X-Bow has a second fastest laptime of 1:21.2 followed by Nissan GTR at the third fastest ever lap time on the race track with a laptime of 1:21.5.[83]
Sport Auto[84] in the September 2010 edition conducted an LFA supertest with a red LFA that had been used in several other tests in Europe and Horst Von Saurma conducted a hot lap the LFA around Nurburgring. The LFA clocked the Nurburgring in 7:38. The LFA was wearing temporary Bridgestone S001 street tires since the LFA spec tires are still under development. Although the LFA lap time is slower than the chief engineer's "better than 7:20" claim, Sport Auto cited LFA ran exactly the same lap time with the same driver as other major competitors like the Ferrari 458 Italia, theCorvette ZR1 with Michelin Pilot Sport 2 (PS2) tires and 2 seconds faster than the Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG, 2 seconds faster than the Porsche 911 (997.2) GT3, 4 seconds faster than theLamborghini Murciélago LP-670 SV, 10 seconds faster than the Lamborghini Gallardo LP560-4 and 9 seconds faster than the Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano. All tests were conducted by the same driver,Horst von Saurma.
Auto Zeitung Germany[85] in the August 2010 edition conducted a comparison between Lexus LFA and Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG. Around Contidrom race track, LFA turned a faster lap time by 1.8 seconds of 1:35.66 as compared to 1:37.50 of the SLS AMG. Although, the start sector both cars hit 204–208 km/h (127–129 mph), LFA continuously hit higher speeds in the high speed sector, dynamic sector where agility and spontaneous reactions are measured eventually turning in faster lap. AutoZeitung raved about LFA's handling, chassis control and race car-like reflexes and response.
Auto Bild Germany[86] in the September edition of 2010 in part 1 of the comparison conducted a head-to-head Nurburgring Supercomparo (longer 20.8 km version of the track)" versus Nissan GT-R, Lamborghini Gallardo LP570-4 Superleggera and Wiesmann GT MF5. Lexus LFA turned in the fastest Nurburgring lap time (7:38,85), which was faster by nearly 2 seconds than the Gallardo LP570-4 Superleggera (7:40,76) and almost 5 seconds faster than the GT-R (7:43,65), 6 seconds faster than the SLS AMG and almost 12 seconds faster than the Wiesmann. The Nurburgring 20.8 km test driver Sascha Bert stated "LFA was built for the Nurburgring race track."
Battle of the Supercars[87] did a head-to-head comparison of Audi R8 V10 with the Lexus LFA with Tanner Foust driving the LFA and Paul Tracy driving the R8 V10. LFA comprehensively was declared the winner by the presenter where LFA lapped the short 1-mile track 1 full second faster than the R8 V10 with a lap time of 48.9 for the LFA versus 49.9 R8 despite Tanner having difficulties launching the Lexus LFA in the 1-mile road course lap and also the standing mile drag race where LFA won despite a delayed launch (no launch control used for these runs). This test also saw LFA using launch control for the first time in the 0-100-0 mph test, which led to the LFA accelerating from 0–161 km/h (0–100 mph) much faster than the R8 V10. The R8 V10 conventional brakes brought the car to a stop to 0 mph quicker than the LFA's ceramic carbon brakes. However, in the behind the scenes footage, it was shown the LFA's carbon brakes meant for hardcore track usage were not warmed up properly, which is essential for carbon brakes to perform at their best. In the successive run, R8 V10 brakes suffered massive brake fade increasing the distance 17 feet while LFA carbon brakes were consistently getting better braking shorter in every successive run. In every 0 - 100 mph sprint shown in the behind the scenes footage, LFA out-launched and out-accelerated the R8 V10. In the top speed, rolling start run on the 3.2 km (2 mi) runway, LFA hit a speed of 296.3 km/h (184.1 mph) while the R8 V10 hit a speed of 298 km/h (185 mph). Tanner Foust explained there was no way to retract the LFA wing spoiler (deploys automatically at 80 km/h (50 mph)) at high speeds increasing drag substantially, which had cost him 6–10 km/h (4–6 mph).
[edit]Reception
The LFA appeared on Top Gear in January 2010, when Richard Hammond drove the car and had rave reviews of it, and setting a record for the quickest wet test lap ever recorded on the Top Gear test track, faster than the Lamborghini Gallardo. However, it was noted that the LFA cost 3 times more than the Gallardo, and is £130,000 more than the Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano but not faster than it; Jeremy Clarkson also noted that the 202 mph LFA costs 6 times more than the 193 mph Nissan GT-R but is not 6 times faster.[88] In response, Evo's review of the LFA pointed out that the performance of "a Bugatti Veyron is not 12 times more than the GT-R",[89] with reviewer Chris Harris observing that no cars are 6 times more than a GT-R either.[89][90]
Car and Driver concluded in its review of the LFA and its performance that the carbon-fiber supercar rated as a "bargain" compared to the more expensiveEnzo Ferrari and Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren.[42] In May 2010, Motor Trend ran the LFA through several track tests and praised its driving dynamics and performance.[77] The LFA was often criticized for taking far too long to reach production, considering from development, to concept, to production was nearly a decade.[citation needed] The LFA has also been criticized for being sold at a price much higher than comparable super-cars.[88] Many Toyota and Lexus enthusiasts were disappointed when Toyota announced the car would be limited to just 500 units and only sold to selected buyers chosen by Lexus.[citation needed] Though, Lexus has been criticized for LFAs steep pricing despite being sold-out, a very limited 500 units production run and very exotic and technological construction, it has been extremely well received by journalists where mostly track tests have yielded rave reviews by media and journalists.
The LFA appeared on Fifth Gear with presenter Tiff Needell driving the car around the race track performing hotlaps, powerslides and power oversteers. Needell described in detail the high-tech engineering used in the car and highly praised the 4.8 Liter V10's power and sound as well. Tiff declared "people who purchased the LFA would be very happy when they get their cars". At the conclusion of the review, He concluded "for a weekend race track car, LFA is worth every penny".[91]
In Top Gear's comparison of the LFA with the Porsche GT3 RS, Lamborghini Superleggera, Ferrari 458 Italia and SLS AMG, the Stig praised the Lexus LFA and was quoted as saying it is an "Amazing track weapon, super-stiff chassis makes it extremely sensitive to inputs...V10 engine has power everywhere and delivery to make the most of that...brakes powerful but don't interfere...lots of grip in slow and fast corners..full balance into...through, out of corners. What's Lexus? Does it also make fridges?"[92]
Car and Driver[73] in November 2010 did a comparison test between Lexus LFA and Ferrari 599 GTB HGTE with the $30,000 additional handling package. The Lexus LFA won the comparison and was featured in full in the November 2010 magazine edition. Lexus LFA was generally favored in the review as the more hardcore sports car while the 599 GTB was viewed as the GT car. LFA out-accelerated the 599 HGTE from 0 - 60 mph and the 1/4 mile with times of 3.6 seconds and 11.7@125 mph respectively while the 599 HGTE recorded a 0 - 60 mph in 3.8 seconds and 1/4 mile in 11.8@125 mph. Both cars were tested using their full launch control systems. The reviewers praised the Lexus engine, technology, luxury, chassis and suspension calling it a 'rocketship'. Their comments on LFA were "The Lexus feels more athletic than the Ferrari, and its performance is more accessible, more immediately. The engine is remarkable. Austin noted: “They figured out the engine. It’s really strong, and then you hit about 6500 rpm and your eyes get all big as the power hits another level.” The only street-car engine that matches this one for smoothness, ecstatic noise, and power delivery is the 458 Italia’s". The conclusion of Car and Driver was "if Lexus puts this much passion in everyone of its cars, it will simply be unbeatable."
Evo UK compiled a Car of the year for the year 2010 with "Best of the best" top 10 cars chosen including Ferrari 458 Italia, Porsche GT3 RS, Porsche GT2 RS, Lexus LFA, Lamborghini LP570-4, SLS AMG, Audi R8 V10, Lotus Evora, updated 2012 R35.2 Nissan GTR, Audi R8 V10. Lexus LFA was highly praised and placed in the top 4 with the Porsche GT3 RS, Ferrari 458 Italia and Porsche GT2 RS. Evo UK called LFA a "very very special car" and praised the engine as "extraordinarily stunning V10 that is only comparable to the V10 in Porsche Carrera GT". The SLS AMG was placed 5h and updated 2012 R35.2 Nissan GTR was placed 8th while Lamborghini LP570-4 was placed 9th. Lexus LFA was placed in the top 4th despite not completing the track tests as Evo UK had to return the LFA to Lexus because it had to be flown elsewhere.
Overall, all the testers at Evo UK overwhelmingly commented positvely about the Lexus LFA particularly its 4.8 Liter V10. Some of the notes in the article about the LFA were "There is nothing in the world like the Lexus LFA. It is more special and intriguing than the 458 and demonstrates an extraordinary level of passion and commitment. Bespoke and limited edition, it is also a genuine supercar that can scare the pants off you. This is mainly thanks to its extraordinary 552bhp 4.8-litre V10 that does everything a Carrera GT's does and then goes completely mad as it closes in on 9500rpm. Its uncompromising ride adds to the challenge, and it was generally agreed that it would have been a bit of a handful up on the moors, but we were beguiled. "It's a beautiful thing, all the details, and it has the integrity and functionality of a Lexus. Feels like a step up from everything else here," said Meaden. "Very, very special," said Metcalfe. Thank you, Lexus." Chris Harris also noted "there is nothing else out there that has ever felt this special since the Macca F1".[93]
GTspirit.com tested the LF-A in Monaco in May 2010 and gave it a positive review with quotes such as "The LFA is incredibly easy to drive. It communicates well, has a superb overall balance and the transparency of the options is an eye-opener. The choice between the racing setup and an all-day trip through a dense city is easily changed." and "the “I want one” feeling grew considerably ever single minute."[94]
[edit]Motorsport
[edit]2008
A Lexus LF-A prototype was entered on 10 May 2008 on the Nürburgring 4 hour VLN endurance race. Despite being lapped 5 times and finishing 77th[95]overall among over 200 teams, it surprisingly won the over 4000cc class SP8,[23] as all other five class entrants, including a Porsche 997 Turbo and Aston Martin Vantage, failed to finish. The best lap time of the Lexus, on the 24.4 km version used in VLN, was 9:06[23] in 3rd[96] of 23 laps, on par with old Porsche 996 GT3 Cup (class Cup3A), while the fastest SP8 cars managed 8:20s.
Lexus also took part in the 24 Hours Nürburgring[97] on 24/25 May 2008, with four Japanese drivers including Akira Iida leading the team. The LF-A was involved in a crash just prior to the race and was hurriedly repaired in two hours to make the race.[98] As car #14,[99] it qualified 27th[100] among 223 cars, and finished 7th in the SP8 class of 11 entrants, and 121st overall, with a best lap average speed of 163 km/h (101 mph), compared to 175 km/h (109 mph) of the fastest cars.
[edit]2009
On 4 April 2009, a LF-A and a Lexus IS F entered by Gazoo Racing (which had already raced smaller cars in 2007 and 2008) finished first and second in the SP8 class[101] in the ADAC-Westfalenfahrt VLN 4h endurance race, as all three other class entrants, a Gallardo, a Corvette and an Audi R8, failed to complete the race. In winning its second VLN 4h event, the LF-A improved its fastest lap time, with one driver completing 8:41 laps both in practice and in the race;[102] by comparison, the fastest overall race laps were 8:27 by a Dodge Viper and a Porsche 997 Cup S, both of the new SP9 class, which is close to FIA-GT3.
The LF-A was subsequently entered into the 24 Hours Nürburgring race for the manufacturer stated purpose of obtaining feedback for fine-tuning production versions[103] along with training of support technicians.[104] Gazoo registered two LF-As and a single IS F in the SP8 class (4000cc to 6200cc), as the LF-A racecars were powered by a 4.8-liter (4805cc) V10 engine with a 9000 rpm redline.[105][106] At the 2009 24 Hours of Nürburgring endurance race held on May 23/24, the No. 15 LF-A[107] driven by Jochen Krumbach, Armin Hahne, Andre Lotterer, and Hiromu Naruse achieved sub-9min laps and a best time of 8:50.458, which was the fastest time in the SP8 class,[108] with a best lap speed of 172 km/h (107 mph);.[108] The fastest times by the race leaders (SP9 class) were in the 8:40 range with a best lap speed of 176 km/h (109 mph).[108] About 90 minutes from race completion, the No. 15 LF-A experienced a separated driveshaft and a fire which poured white smoke from the vehicle's rear section.[109] The No. 14 LF-A completed the race and was ranked 4th in its class and 87th overall,[108][110] behind the 3rd ranked No. 16 IS F[111] During the early portions of the race the No. 14 LF-A recorded its peak position of 14th overall.[112][113] One of the drivers of the No. 14 car was Toyota's new CEO Akio Toyoda, who also met Aston Martin's President and fellow race entrant Ulrich Bez at the race before deciding to build the Aston Martin Cygnet together.[114]
[edit]2010
Lexus/Gazoo again entered two cars in the 2010 24 Hours of Nürburgring, in the SP8 class over 4000cc. The “Balance of Performance”[115] required a minimum weight of 1500 kg, a restrictor diameter of 34.2 mm, and a fuel tank size of 120 liter. The No. 50 car won its class[116], and finished 18th[117] overall with 142 laps, 12 laps down. The No. 50 car, with 4 Japanese drivers, did a fastest lap of 8:55.934 (average of 170.470 km/h[118]), which was over 20 seconds slower than the top 10 challengers, and slower than last year's performance.
The Chief Test Driver/Engineer Hiromu Naruse, who coached the 2010 LFA race team, died in a tragic accident on June 23, 2010 testing the Nurburgring Edition of the Lexus LFA on the roads local to the Nordschleife in Germany.[119][120] According to police reports, the traffic accident occurred when his LFA Nürburgring Edition test prototype veered into oncoming traffic, colliding head-on[121] with a BMW 3 series near the Nürburgring, at Boos.[122] The BMW was also a test vehicle,[123] both occupants were injured, one severely; both were expected to survive.[124] All three test drivers wore helmets.[125]
[edit]Sculpture models
In April 2005, Lexus presented a sculptural model of the original LF-A concept at that year's Milan Design Week exhibition in Milan, Italy. Part of the marque's introductory display of its L-finesse design theme, the full-size LF-A model was presented next to a production Lexus GS model, in a design space produced by painter Hiroshi Senju, designer Junya Ishigami, and architect Kazuyo Sejima.[126] The sculpted LF-A model followed the first introduction of the LF-A concept at the North American International Auto Show in January of that year. In contrast with the production GS sedan it shared the display space with, the LF-A model did not have interior access.
In April 2009, Lexus presented an acrylic glass sculpture LFA model, called 'Crystallised Wind', at that year's Milan Design Week exhibition at the Museo della Permanente art gallery in Milan. Commissioned in partnership with architect Sou Fujimoto, the full-sized LFA crystal sculpture had a transparent appearance, allowing viewers to see the engine, chassis, interior, and other internal components.[127] Although closely resembling the 2007 coupe concept, design elements on the LFA Crystallised Wind model differed from previous iterations of the coupe, with five-spoke wheels, different headlamp shapes, and other separate details. The vehicle was presented along with a collection of accessories, gadgets, and styling products all produced from the same acrylic materials used in the Crystallised Wind model.[128]
[edit]Awards
In October 2009, the debut of the Lexus LFA was named among Road & Track's Best of the 2009 Tokyo Auto Show.[129] For his role in leading its development project, Top Gear awarded Lexus LFA chief engineer Haruhiko Tanahashi as one of its Men of the Year for 2009 along with Sébastien Loeb, Jenson Button, Barack Obama, and others.[130] In April 2010, the LFA topped the Stiff Magazinelist of the Top 5 V10 Road Cars.[131] In its 2010 test of the LFA, Car gave the vehicle the magazine's maximum rating of five stars.[132] The LFA was also named to the Top Gear 100 Sexiest Supercars of All Time list in 2010.[133] Top Gear magazine in its September 2010 edition picked "5 greatest supercars of the year" and the LFA was honored as one of the greatest supercars of the year along with Porsche GT3 RS, Lamborghini Superleggera, Ferrari 458 Italia and SLS AMG. All 5 cars were featured in the magazine in a side by side comparison and LFA was picked as the "Stig's most favorite supercar".[92][92]
Evo UK in its January 2011 edition held a "best engine of the year" selection. Lexus LFA's 4.8 Liter V10 was selected as the "best engine of the year" over SLS AMG's V8, 458 Italia's V8, GTR's V6, LP570-4 and R8's V10, Porsche GT2 RS and GT3 RS' flat-6, Evora's V6 and Focus RS500's inline-5 engines. Some of the comments regarding the Lexus LFA's V10 were "A mix of road and racing engines: Lexus LFA's utterly intoxicating 4.8 Liter V10.", "There is the noise it makes, for a start, a dense shriek like a V10 F1 car's", "Then there's the wall of torque from 5000 rpm to 9000 rpm and a strong thrust even before that", "Lighter than an average V6 and it even meets the Euro 5 emission standards", "It is hard to imagine that such an engine's career will be over when all the LFAs are built, given the love that has gone into it. We certainly hope not".[134]
The LF-A Roadster concept received an iF product design award from the International Forum Design organization in 2008,[135] and the first LF-A concept was a recipient of an IDEA award from the Industrial Designers Society of America in the Design Explorations category of 2005's International Design Excellence Awards.[136][137] The LFA was also a finalist in the 2009 Car Design of the Year[138] and the Festival Automobile International's "most beautiful supercar of the year” awards.[139]
[edit]In popular culture
[edit]Gaming
In late 2010, Polyphony Digital, game developers for Sony Computer Entertainment announced that the Lexus LFA would make an appearance in Gran Turismo 5 on the PlayStation 3 game console. The Lexus LFA will be one of over 1,000 cars featured in the game.[140] This car also became a downloadable vehicle in Forza Motorsport 3, and will be a vehicle in Forza Motorsport 4, as was seen in the U.S version of Top Gear. The Lexus LFA is also featured in the game Shift 2: Unleashed.[141]
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